Tuesday, 11 March 2014

Category Mistake

A category mistake is a semantic or ontological error in which "things of one kind are presented as if they belonged to another", or, alternatively, a property is ascribed to a thing that could not possibly have that property. 
Thus the claim that "Most Americans are atheists" is not a category mistake, since most Americans could be (contingently) atheists. On the other hand, "Most bananas are atheists" is a category mistake. This is because bananas belong to a category of things that cannot be said to have beliefs. 



Example 1
"I think creationism is, in a sense, a kind of category mistake, as if the Bible were a theory like other theories. 

Explanation
Whatever the biblical account of creation is, it's not a theory alongside theories. It's not as if the writer of Genesis or whatever sat down and said well, how am I going to explain all this... 'In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth..."
Rowan Williams in The Guardian, 21 March 2006


Example 2
Atheism cannot explain morality/intelligence/life/etc.

Explanation

Atheism cannot explain anything because it is not the kind of thing that provides explanations. It is not a theory, or doctrine, or worldview, or ideology.   

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